RAND Report Details 9-11 Victims Compensation

RAND Report Details 9-11 Victims Compensation Dateline: January, 2005 An examination discharged by the RAND Corporation shows that casualties of the Sept. 11, 2001 psychological militant assaults - the two people slaughtered or truly harmed and people and organizations affected by the strikes - have gotten at any rate $38.1 billion in pay, with insurance agencies and the central government giving in excess of 90 percent of the installments. New York organizations have gotten 62 percent of the complete pay, mirroring the expansive running monetary effects of the assault in and close to the World Trade Center. Among people executed or genuinely harmed, crisis responders and their families have gotten more than regular citizens and their families who endured comparative monetary misfortunes. All things considered, people on call have gotten about $1.1 million more for each individual than regular people with comparative financial misfortune. The 9-11 fear based oppressor assaults brought about the passings of 2,551 regular people and genuine injury to another 215. The assaults likewise slaughtered or truly harmed 460 crisis responders. â€Å"The remuneration paid to the casualties of the assaults on the World Trade Center, the Pentagon and in Pennsylvania was remarkable both in its extension and in the blend of projects used to make payments,† said Lloyd Dixon, a RAND senior financial expert and lead creator of the report. â€Å"The framework has brought up numerous issues about value and decency that have no conspicuous answers. Tending to these issues currently will enable the country to be more ready for future psychological warfare. Dixon and co-creator Rachel Kaganoff Stern met and accumulated proof from numerous sources to gauge the measure of pay paid out by insurance agencies, government offices and noble cause following the assaults. Their discoveries include: Insurance agencies hope to make in any event $19.6 billion in installments, containing 51 percent of the cash paid in compensation.Government installments all out about $15.8 billion (42 percent of the aggregate). This incorporates installments from neighborhood, state and governments, in addition to installments from the September 11 Victim Compensation Fund of 2001 that was built up by the national government to remunerate those slaughtered or truly harmed in the assaults. The complete does exclude installments to tidy up the World Trade Center site or reconstruct open framework in New York City.Payments by beneficent gatherings involve only 7 percent of the aggregate, in spite of the way that causes conveyed an exceptional $2.7 billion to casualties of the attacks.Because of worries that obligation cases would obstruct the courts and make further financial mischief, the government restricted the risk of aircrafts, air terminals and certain administration bodies. The legislature bu ilt up the Victim Compensation Fund to make installments to families for the passings and wounds of casualties. Also, the administration supported a significant monetary rejuvenation program for New York City.RAND scientists found that organizations hurt by the assaults have gotten the vast majority of the remuneration that the investigation had the option to evaluate. The groups of regular folks killed and the regular folks who were harmed gotten the second-most noteworthy installments. The investigation found that: Organizations in New York City, especially in lower Manhattan close to the World Trade Center, have gotten $23.3 billion in pay for property harm, upset tasks, and monetary motivating forces. Around 75 percent of that originated from insurance agencies. More than $4.9 billion went to renew the economy of Lower Manhattan.Civilians murdered or genuinely harmed got an aggregate of $8.7 billion, averaging about $3.1 million for every beneficiary. The vast majority of this originated from the Victim Compensation Fund, however installments additionally originated from insurance agencies, businesses and charities.About $3.5 billion was paid to uprooted occupants, laborers who lost their positions, or other people who endured passionate injury or were presented to natural hazards.Emergency responders executed or harmed got a sum of $1.9 billion, with the vast majority of that originating from the legislature. Installments found the middle value of about $1.1 million more for each individual than for regular citizens with comparative monetary misfortunes, with the vast majority of the higher sum because of installments from charities.​ Certain highlights of the Victim Compensation Fund would in general increment pay comparative with financial misfortune. Different highlights would in general lessening remuneration comparative with monetary misfortune. Scientists state progressively itemized singular information are expected to decide the net impact. For instance, the Victim Compensation Fund chose to restrict the measure of lost future profit it would consider when computing grants for survivors. Chairmen topped pay the store would consider at $231,000 every year in anticipating future lifetime profit, despite the fact that numerous individuals killed earned more than that sum. The unique ace of the Victim Compensation Fund had significant circumspection to set last honors for higher salary workers, yet information are not accessible on how he practiced that tact.

Political Awareness Essay

Internet based life become a significant mechanism of correspondence in the cutting edge time in which it is give incredible channels of data among lawmaker and residents. Other than that, the web based life go about as proactive gadgets for urging the resident to take an interest in equitable procedure. The internet based life a significant mode of data have impact people’s considered governmental issues and urged individuals to offer thoughts, pundits and recommendations just as take part in legislative issues. Along these lines, the online life is one of the essential component in the political scene and fit for making policy centered issues. In any case, it gives a contrary angles on policy driven issues in which individuals may give wrong data and it additionally appreciates a positive capacity by spreading data across society rapidly and appreciates the right to speak freely of discourse. The advancement of new innovation urges youth to participate in governmental issues. Youth today well on the way to utilize the online life like Facebook, twitter, blog and you tube as vehicle of correspondence to connect with others. For instance, web journals assume a significant job in political correspondence and in sizing up political on-screen characters and politically intrigued clients. Their capacity to encourage dynamic collaboration, present feelings, activate voters, just as impact popular conclusion and in the long run political race results makes political web journals an intriguing. Online interpersonal organizations furnish us with advantageous stage for such investigation. The information from numerous interpersonal organizations is openly accessible. Moreover, online networking has developed as a critical stage for conversation and dispersal of political data. For instance, Pew studies (Smith, 2011) found that 22% of grown-up Internet clients took an interest in political battles through in any event one of the significant online life stages like Twitter, Facebook, and Myspace during the 2010 U.S. races. In any case, individuals would not utilize online networking routinely for communication that lead to political commitment. Individuals typically examine about politic in web based life just time of political decision in which ideological groups, political activists and associations advance, convince and wishing to expand interest by resident. There is an investigation of internet based life use for political purposes by youngsters during the United Kingdom general political decision in 2005. Itâ emphasized that the job of internet based life for fortifying existing law based mindfulness instead of as an elective method of political socialization. Strikingly, the rates of the young are a lot of likely utilize web based life in getting to political data for news and data about gatherings just as competitors than more established clients. Therefore, the internet based life assumes a significant job as procedures by ideological groups to target youthful voters are an important methodology in drawing in antagonized residents. Notwithstanding, it likewise demonstrates that political commitment by youngsters may give indications of turning out to be abuse to the new online life where preparation and activism might be more increment in the event that they are web-based social networking clients.

Finding Trans Authors In Your Favorite Genre

Finding Trans Authors In Your Favorite Genre This post originally ran May 24th, 2016. When I first tell someone that I write about books by trans people, I often get the reply that they would just  loooove  to bring trans authors into their reading life  but they just dont like reading memoirs. This is when I eat my fist to stop from yelling at the poor person. I suppose it isnt their fault  that memoirs have been the primary way for trans people to be published by any of the big publishing houses  and have therefore saturated the market of easily accessible books by trans authors, but Im consistently frustrated by the assumption that the list of trans authors is limited to Janet Mock, Jennifer Finney Boyan, and Julia Serano. If you are truly interested in bringing trans writers onto your reading list, a simple Google search for trans writers brings up a wide ocean of trans writers who are writing books that  arent  memoirs. (Not that Im knocking on memoirs: its the perception that trans authors only write memoirs that I knock.) Rather than sitting here gnashing my teeth and wailing about the over focus on trans memoirs, Ive put together a brief list to help readers find trans authors in the genres that they prefer. I want to be utterly clear on the point that this list is not at all a definitive list of trans authors but should rather be treated as a brief overview to help represent the astounding variety of work being done by trans authors (Its almost as if were a diverse and varied group of folks and not a single monolithic identity. Imagine that.). If theres someone who you want people to know of, I hope youll leave a comment below with their name. In creating this list Ive tried to draw in a variety of authors of different  levels of awareness in the public eye. The keen-eyed reader will notice that some authors appear  in multiple genre categories. This is just my attempt to represent the diversity that can exist within a single authors work. In order to keep the list short and readable I made the arbitrary choices to  only include writers who have published stand alone texts and have excluded academic or similar nonfiction. For simplicity in the list Ive linked the authors name to their website  and then included one of the books that fits into that particular genre. Childrens, Middle Grade, and Young Adult Fiction S. Bear Bergman  The Adventures of Tulip, Birthday Wish Fairy  This picture book introduces young readers to the world of Wish Fairies and transgender children with humor and kindness. Alex Gino    George  A sweet book for middle grade readers about Melissas quest to play Charlotte in her class production of  Charlottes Web  and to tell the world who she is. Meredith Russo    If I Was Your Girl  Amanda navigates the worlds of dating, friendship, prom, and family as a teenage trans woman in rural Tennessee. Rachel Eliason    The Best Boy Ever Made  Alecias world is turned upside down when she finds out that the boy she loves is a trans boy. Sassafras Lowrey    Roving Pack  Its the early 2000s and teenage Click lives in the world of punks, nonbinary genders, parties, and experiencing life. Personal and Literary Essays Incomplete Short Stories and Essays by Jamie Berrout Jamie Berrout    Incomplete Short Stories and  Essays  Berrouts essays dig deep into contemporary writing by trans authors and look to the future. S. Bear Bergman  Blood, Marriage, Wine, Glitter  In this collection Bergman talks about his experiences  with family and what that word can mean. Rae Spoon  and  Ivan E. Coyote    Gender Failure  Noted performers and artists Spoon and Coyote discuss what it means to them to be gender failures and how ultimately the gender binary fails us all. Short Stories God Loves Hair by Vivek Shraya Vivek Shraya    God Loves Hair  An early collection of Shrayas stories that draw from her own experiences to tell stories of diversity and life. Casey Plett    A Safe Girl to Love  These stories range from American cities to Canadian prairies while sharing the characters hard truths and joys. Jamie Berrout    Incomplete Short Stories and Essays  The fiction in this collection take on a range of themes and forms that explores oppression, literature, and life as a trans woman of color. General Fiction Sassafras Lowrey    Lost Boi  This take on  Peter Pan  transposes the story into punk houses and the various worlds of BDSM. Ryka Aoki    He Mele A Hilo: A Hilo Song  In Aokis Hawaii conversations about identity, religion, music, and love all come together as a mysterious entity moves to town. Jamie Berrout    Otros Valles  A novel  drawing  from literary fiction, memoir, and science fiction to tell the story  of a non-binary trans Latina lesbian looking for community and family in the Deep South. Rae Spoon    First Spring Grass Fire  This slim coming of age story tells a life of survival, Conservative Christian dogma, and gender. Vivek Shraya    She of the Mountains  With roots in Hindu mythology Shrayas illustrated novel explores the relationship of body and self and how  we experience cultural expectations of gender and sexuality. Sybil Lamb    Ive Got a Time Bomb  A traumatic head injury complicates Sybil’s surreal journey through cities  of trans women, sex, and drugs. Honestly I’m not even sure how to begin describing this book. Imogen Binnie    Nevada   A modern on-the-road story about Maria Griffiths, your typical fuck-up trans girl in Brooklyn who steals her girlfriends car to drive across America with a whole bunch of drugs. Jeanne Thornton    The Dream of Doctor Bantam This love story follows tough seventeen-year-old Julie Thatch as she falls for a woman who belongs to a strange cult. Speculative, Sci-Fi, and Fantasy Fiction Brew by Dane Figueroa Edidi Dane Figueroa Edidi    Brew  Arjana’s life is Baltimore is complicated enough already with high school, being trans, and witchcraft, but things get even stranger as her powerful mother is threatened by dark forces. Jan Morris    Hav A fictional travelogue exploring the strange and ancient Mediterranean city of Hav. R.J. Eliason    Bear Naked Amanda lives in a world of neo-paganism and Renaissance faires but what happens when her boyfriend might be a werewolf? Travel Writing Jan Morris    The World: Life and Travel 1950-2000 Half a century of Jan Morris’ celebrated and beloved non-fiction is now collected into one volume that travels from the handover of Hong Kong to the trial of Adolf Eichmann in Israel. Memoir Cooking in Heels by Ceyenne Doroshow Jan Morris    Conundrum Morris’ memoir is the story of one trans woman’s experiences coming out and transitioning in the early 1970s. Ceyenne Doroshow    Cooking in Heels: A Memoir Cookbook Doroshow weaves together tales of family with her own recipes. Poetry Tyler Vile  Never Coming Home This novel in verse tells a story of life, family, and disability, against the backdrop of a never finished mansion. Charles Theonia    Which One is the Bridge Brief stories of avoiding cops, building a home, falling in love, and living in modern day Brooklyn. Lilith Latini    Improvise, Girl, Improvise These sharp and clever poems introduce a range of trans women characters. Ryka Aoki    Why Dust Shall Never Settle On My Soul At turns funny and ruthless as Aoki explores experiences of loss. Jamie Berrout    Desire and the Scent of Guava Berrout’s collection looks back at her experiences with love and intimacy as a trans woman of color entering into a relationship. Make Love to Rage by Robyn Morgan Collado Morgan Robyn Collado    Make Love to Rage This collection carries the reader through the rage of injustice to the soothing end of love. b. binaohan  i just want freedom Short prose-poems and epigrams on liberation. Vivek Shraya    even this page is white Shraya’s debut collection takes on the difficult topic of race and its various intersections with queerness, art, desire, and more. Trish Salah    Wanting in Arabic Salah looks back for a home she never knew and asks questions of sexual desire and identity. Cam Awkward Rich    Transit These poems push us through Rich’s memories and past. Sara June Woods    Wolf Doctors Surreal stories of transmutation and lovers.

Disillusionment In The Jungle - 1399 Words

In the politically righteous book, The Jungle by Upton Sinclair, a newly wed’s feeling of innocence and happiness after their beautiful wedding in their homeland come to an end following the reality of discovering their new life in America. The notion comes from the disillusionment of American freedom and the twisted advertisement of a capitalist system. America was systematically built to be corrupt and dehumanized the significance of individual existence. This was done by easily replacing, deceiving and exploiting people for the self-interest of the wealthy. The Jungle depicts the exploitation of immigrant lives in Packingtown, a town near Chicago. The small industrialized town is filled with oppressing poverty, dangerous and†¦show more content†¦He becomes a tireless advocate for socialism and gets a job as a porter in a socialist-run hotel. People s lives matter more than the meat and food industry. The world does not revolve around taking advantage of the poor working class and treating them like active robots. Humans are living, not inanimate. Humans are the equivalent to animals in the meat industry for the purpose of profit. Jurgis tours the slaughterhouse. He describes the detachment in the work environment with the slaughtering and packaging of hogs. The hogs are not treated kindly or even thought of as animals just as sales. â€Å"There was a long line of hogs, being simultaneously swung up and then another, and another squealing] and lifeblood ebbing away together.† (Sinclair 39) There is an orderly way to set up the slaughterhouse to distract the poor immigrants of the American lifestyle. The worker wants to give more to their family and add to their financial status even if it means being away from their home country. Businesses take advantage of workers valuing their work ethic more than the idea of being miserable at work so it is done continuously with no remorse. This social construct was built and implied because no one could protest against a life that helps them survive in the America s capitalism. People and animals areShow MoreRelated Heart of Darkness, Hollow Men, and Apocalypse Now Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pagescollapsed under the force of the savage and barbaric darkness. He visits the Congo and is transformed into this man of the jungle. The character of Kurtz is similar in Apocalypse Now; he is a highly decorated general in the vietnam war and Kurtz goes into the jungle leading him to turn into a man of the jungle. Mr. Kurtz one day loses it and goes crazy. He goes off into the jungles of Vietnam and starts terrorizing villages with his crazy actions and beliefs. In Coppolas Apocalypse Now there is a sceneRead MoreEssay on Heart of Darkness981 Words   |  4 PagesVictorian era, yet when he travels into the Congo, where these qualities are of no consequence, he abandons them to become wild. To understand how Kurtz fell to this emotional corruptness, a reader must be aware of three main elements that caused his disillusionment: power, greed, and isolation. When Kurtz was living in England, he was a follower of the island’s ruling party and conducted tasks amongst the supervision of its magistrates. Under these conditions, most of his actions were in abidance toRead MoreThe Illusions Of American Dream1448 Words   |  6 Pagesraces or countries) join the community, and give them equal rights to these â€Å"outsiders† to what they think fit. Human will naturally tend to protect their own circles and remain vigilance to the outside world, thus, it is not an easy thing to do. The Jungle described the tragic experience of the Jurgis family who are immigrants from Lithuania. In order to make a living in America, the Jurgis and his fiancà ©e, Ona, moved to America and came to Chicago to find a job. However, what they are facing is theRead MoreThe Jungle by Upton Sinclair: Fame for the Wrong Reason Essay2798 Words   |  12 Pagesthe immigrants living in Packingtown, the meatpacking district of Chicago. Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle portrays life through the eyes of a poor workingman struggling to survive in this cruel, tumultuous environment, where the desire for profit among the capitalist meatpacking bosses and the criminals makes the lives of the working class a nearly unendurable struggle for survival. The novel The Jungle is a hybrid of history, literature, and propaganda. Sinclair, a muckraking journalist of the earlyRead MoreThe 1950s : A Decade Of Prosperity, Conformity, And Consensus1470 Words   |  6 PagesKylie Suitum Hist 406 Final Paper 12/11/15 Historians tend to portray the 1950’s as a decade of prosperity, conformity, and consensus, and the 1960’s as a decade of turbulence, protest, and disillusionment. Do you agree or disagree with this view? Show evidence to support your argument. With the overwhelming amount of Levittown houses, the obsession to obtain the perfect American â€Å"ideal family† as seen on TV and the unspoken agreement to fear any and all foreign ideas and values, the 1950s wereRead More Loss of Innocence in Heart of Darkness Essay1723 Words   |  7 PagesLoss of Innocence in Heart of Darkness      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Heart of Darkness is Joseph Conrads tale of one mans journey, both mental and physical, into the depths of the wild African jungle and the human soul. The seaman, Marlow, tells his crew a startling tale of a man named Kurtz and his expedition that culminates in his encounter with the voice of Kurtz and ultimately, Kurtzs demise. 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For ex ample, when Curt Lemon, Rat Kiley’s best friend stepped on a mine and was killedRead More Oppositions in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay1209 Words   |  5 Pagespsychologically, avoiding having to admit that everyone needs some illusions.   No one can deal with the complete unadorned truth, not even men.   Kurtz entered the jungle with illusions of civilizing the natives; later, when he realizes what has actually happened and exclaims, The horror!   The horror! he dies (86).   The disillusionment kills him.   Marlow, also, loses some illusions; however, he manages to create some others for himself, like the idea that he does not need illusions after all.   ThisRead More Light and Dark in Apocalypse Now and Heart of Darkness Essay1677 Words   |  7 Pagesis beyond the bounds of normal society as he begins narrating Apocalypse Now from his hotel room in Saigon. He explains: When I was here [at the war] I wanted to be there [back home]. When I was there al l I could think of was getting back into the jungle(AP). Willard is outside of society but is hanging on slightly by his connection to the Army. This connection is a weak one, because of the nature of war and the fact that in war the laws of normal society are not applicable. Kurtz though, has takenRead MoreBritish Literature Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesHolmes and he makes one of the greatest detective story writers of all times. Rudyard Kipling – he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature as a first British author. He wrote the shot stories about Indian, the sea, the jungle and its animals – The Jungle Book, the Second Jungle Book. John Galsworthy – he got the Nobel Prize for literature in 1932, he was a critical novelist, dramatist and shortstory writer. His most known book is Forsyte saga – describes upper middle class family. James Joyce

Islam And Science Bond The Five Pillars Of Faith

Traditions such as the five pillars of faith in the Islamic religion create and establish the foundations of the particular faith just as the Ten Commandments set the precedent for the catholic beliefs. These five pillars are known as Shahadah, Salat, Zakat, Sawn and Hajj. These along with the other significant beliefs of Islam enable one to â€Å"detach† themselves from any outside distraction and face their full attention to God in order to live a resurrected life of peace. The Islamic worldview, which is enabled through the five pillars of faith, include the Islamic theology of Theism, which is the unitedness of God and being one. The Islamic philosophy, which is Supernaturalism, which enhances the discipline of the Islamic Faith. Islamic ethics, which is, demonstrated through the adherents both social, mental, physical and spiritual defining the moral absolutes and understanding of the faith. How Islam and science bond (creationism) is important also as Islam refers to the universe being shaped by Allah and the connection of the mind and body, which exists both in and outside of the body. Finally Islamic sociology including where about Muslims pray including mosques, prayer spaces and the state of central teachings regarding the worship of God and the government and how they interrelate. As taught in my recent visit to the Auburn Mosque; Sharia’s law governs many aspects of day-to-day life and describes the basic endevevours of an average Islamic persons life. Parts ofShow MoreRelated Islam` Essay1261 Words   |  6 Pages The Islam faith was a very predominant one in the world’s past history. When it first started to rise along with the teachings of Mohammed, it was very popular. Their military and cultural achievements were remarkable. When the Arabs first started conquering land, they had affected the language and cultures of those lands. Mohammed was a very spiritual man, who helped Islam rise and conquer. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Mohammed was born in 569 B.C.E. Mohammed had lost both of his parents by theRead MoreIslam Is A Unified Religion Essay2025 Words   |  9 PagesIslam is not a unified religion but rather built upon competing sects encompassing conflicting religious interpretations to understanding of history that are united from its psychological effects on their disciples. Its major role in the mindset in addition to feelings of Muslims gives the impression of having a fundamental presence on the daily basis in allowing for a: sense of universality is strongly endorsed by Muslim believers and was found to be related to desirable outcomes such as positiveRead More5- Islamic Civilization (fall; a force; world peace).6212 Words   |  25 Pageswell-being. Factors that contributed to the rise of the Muslims Before considering the reasons for decline it is logical to consider the reasons why Muslim civilisation was successful for such a long period. In the author s opinion: What Islam did was to activate all the developmental factors in a positive direction. It gave maximum attention to the people, who constitute the primary force behind a society s rise or fall. It tried to lift them morally as well as materially, make them betterRead MorePhilippine Religion3656 Words   |  15 Pagescohesion in the community and moral purpose for existence. Religious associations are part of the system of kinship ties, patron-client bonds and other linkages outside the nuclear family.[2] Christianity and Islam have been superimposed on ancient traditions and acculturated. The unique religious blends that have resulted, when combined with the strong personal faith of Filipinos, have given rise to numerous and diverse revivalist movements. 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But after looking by historical and religious study as far back as some centuries ago, I found that my own culture, Islam, had plenty of law provisions that helped its people not only to protect their ethics and morals, butRead MoreBusiness Environment of Pre-British India13645 Words   |  55 Pagesgreat ruler Single Lion capital at Vaishali Statue of the mauryan era Chanakya We get a picture of society in the Mauryan times, from Arthashastra of Kautilya, Magesthanese’s Indica, the accounts left by the Greek Historians and the edicts and pillar inscriptions of Ashoka. Besides, the Buddhist religious books, works of contemporary art and architecture throw valuable light on the social and economic history of the period. India witnessed many social and cultural changes during this period. WithRead MoreDubais Political and Economic Development: Essay38738 Words   |  155 PagesDUBAIS POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: AN OASIS TN THE DESERT? by CHRISTOPHER DeNICOLA A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honors in Political Science WILLIAMS COLLEGE Williamstown, Massachusetts MAY 10,2005 Table of Contents I Persian Gulf Development Literature Oil Curse Literature Arab and Islamic Factors Regional Ovemiew and Historical Background Dubais Development History I1 PI1 ExplainingRead MoreCorporate Governance in Banking Sector of Bangladesh16146 Words   |  65 Pagescompleted. Time was also of the essence, as the survey was completed in a period of eight weeks, and some of the respondents requested for more time to complete the questionnaire. 1.7 Organization of the Report .The study report is organized into five chapters. Chapter 1 covers the introductory issues. Chapter 2 covers the definition and concept of Corporate Governance. Chapter 3 covers Corporate Governance practices around the world. .Chapter 4 highlights the research findings. Chapter 5 providesRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagescentury. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Printed in the United States of America 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 C ONTENTS Introduction Michael Adas 1 1 World Migration in the Long Twentieth Century †¢ Jose C. MoyaRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesnumber of organisations in the same industry with a relatively short case. For a case that permits a more comprehensive industry analysis The Pharmaceutical Industry could be used. However, if the purpose is more focused – illustrating the use of ‘ï ¬ ve forces’ analysis – the TUI case study or Illustration 2.3 on The Steel Industry could be used. Some cases are written entirely from published sources but most have been prepared in cooperation with and approval of the management of the organisation

The increase in electoral support for the Nazi Party in the years 1928-33 Free Essays

To what extent was the increase in electoral support for the Nazi Party in the years 1928-33 the result of effective propaganda and electioneering? The years 1928 to 1933 were very significant for the Nazi Party and their leader, Adolf Hitler. After the attempted Munich Putsch, the Nazi Party had well and truly entered the political spotlight of German politics and had successfully re-established itself after Hitler was released from prison in 1924. Following on from being so heavily in the public eye, the Nazi Party had a rise in support due to increased awareness of the party, but 1928 marked a steep increase in this. We will write a custom essay sample on The increase in electoral support for the Nazi Party in the years 1928-33 or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many factors that contributed to this increase in electoral support for the Nazi Party from 1928-1933, but it was largely due to effective propaganda and electioneering. Nazi propaganda was under leadership of Joseph Goebbels, who was able to identify the concerns of all sectors within the German population and use this to create a remarkable propaganda scheme. An example of this is where workers were addressed with posters depicting endless queues of unemployed people, suggesting that Hitler would be able to abolish unemployment – a miracle that was readily accepted by this group. As well as targeting specific groups, Goebbels was able to manipulate a variety of propaganda techniques, from using posters to nursery rhymes to the radio. The Nazi Party presented an image that appealed to everyone through their use of propaganda. It is because of propaganda that they were able to convince the public of their ability to transform the country to one ridden with debts, political instability and embarrassment to a global superpower that was successful in every aspect. Even now, Nazi propaganda is still viewed as a remarkable achievement for the Nazi Party and is undoubtedly one of the main reasons why Nazi support increased from 1928-1933. Electioneering is the other main reason for the increase in electoral support. In terms of Nazi policy itself, although it was controversial, Hitler was careful to be very careful about certain points – especially regarding religion. The 25 Point Programme of the Party depicted that it â€Å"represents the point of view of positive Christianity†, whereas in reality the Nazi Party stood for the complete opposite. With the majority of Germans being Christian (2/3 of these were Catholic and 1/3 Protestant), the Nazi’s could not afford to alienate the Church and risk repelling the majority of the electorate. Throughout their electioneering, the Nazi’s used the SA to intimidate the opposition and sometimes even carry out such violent attacks that political figures, especially Communist politicians, were unable to continue their own electioneering. This allowed the Nazi party to reduce their opposition and allowed them to manipulate the public further using their effective propaganda. As the Nazi Party organised propaganda rallies to build up electoral support, they also organised members to attend the rallies disguised as potential voters. This gave the impression that the party was extremely popular and therefore encouraged voters that might otherwise vote for another larger party to support the Nazi’s instead. These propaganda rallies were used to persuaded all of Germany to vote for Hitler and his party because Hitler was able to constantly travel around the country using an airplane. This electioneering meant that he was able to directly address potential supports and use propaganda to convince them to vote Nazi. It could be claimed that Hitler himself contributed largely to the electoral success of the Nazi Party. Many women found Hitler aesthetically attractive and emphasis was placed on his bright blue eyes and his friendly nature towards children. Men found Hitler as a man to admire – he was charismatic and some newspapers even labelled him ‘Hitler the Superman’. Above all, Hitler was a brilliant auditor and had the ability to captivate audiences that was unmatched by no other politician and delivered speeches with such power that it was hard not to be swept in by his manipulative and misleading words. However, it could not be said that Hitler himself contributed to the increase in electoral support to a larger extent than propaganda and electioneering. Another factor that could be argued to have resulted in the increase in electoral support is the very climate of Germany during that time. Following on from the failure of war in 1918, Germany was stampeded with crises after crises. In economic terms, the funding of the war had resulted in inflation and forced Germany to borrow loans from the USA in order to pay the  £6600 million in reparations. This meant that when America suffered from the Wall Street Crash, Germany was hit by Depression in 1926. Living standards plummeted and Germany was on the verge of a civil war. Consequently, the German people looked towards extremist parties to provide them with the revolutionary change needed to return Germany to a least a partial stability. Again, whilst this was a big factor in increase of Nazi support, the situation in Germany was balancing out, especially as the effects of hyperinflation were weakening by 1925. Therefore, the hardships that Germany faced during this period cannot be accountable for the increase in the Nazi Party’s electoral success compared to the propaganda and electoral success that was constant throughout 1928-1933. In conclusion, the increase in electoral support for the Nazi Party in the years 1928-33 was the result of effective propaganda and electioneering to a far extent. A variety of factors contributed to this increase, including Hitler’s personality and the downfall of Germany during the post-war years. However, the strongest factors were persistently the Nazi’s propaganda campaign that was led by Goebbels and their electioneering methods. Through this, they were able to specifically target groups within the electorate and develop the Nazi image itself which drew support from voters and caused the German people to trust them to restore Germany’s former status. How to cite The increase in electoral support for the Nazi Party in the years 1928-33, Papers

Why I am not a Platonist

Introduction There can be few doubts as to the fact that the methodological tradition of Platonism contributed rather immensely to the development of Western philosophical thought.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Why I am not a Platonist specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, even today, Platonism’s conceptual insights represent a certain discursive value. However, in light of the recent scientific breakthroughs in the fields of biology, neurology and physics, Platonism’s foremost tenets appear hopelessly outdated. In my paper, I will aim to explore the validity of this suggestion at length, while outlining the main reasons, as to why I consider myself a committed anti-Platonist. Analytical part The main theoretical premise, upon which Platonist methodology is based, implies the existence of God, who set the universe in motion. In its turn, this presupposes that there is a higher intell igence, behind the observable aspects of how universe’s workings manifest themselves – even if the existence of such intelligence cannot be proved empirically. This is why Platonist methodology has been traditionally associated with the deployment of so-called ‘top-down’ approaches towards addressing a particular phenomenon in question. This practice, however, stands in a striking opposition to the methodological conventions of a scientific realism. As Gerson noted, â€Å"A top-down approach to philosophical problems†¦ (is concerned with) the claim that the most important and puzzling phenomena we encounter in this world cannot be explained by seeking the simplest elements out of which these are composed† (260). After all, if we assume that there is God, then the most rational way towards discovering the discursive significance of the reality’s emanations would be striving to reveal these emanations’ metaphysical meaning, â€Å"T he highest and best kind of knowledge is knowledge of Goodness itself; the second level of knowledge is of the other Forms† (Patterson 52). Therefore, there is nothing particularly surprising about the fact that Christian theologians always regarded Platonism, as a precursor of Christianity. This is because this philosophical tradition does in fact promote the idea of an orderly universe, which cannot be conceived outside of the assumption that there is a deity behind the seemingly ‘purposeful’ complexity of the surrounding reality (Von Hildebrand 31).Advertising Looking for research paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nevertheless, as it was implied earlier, throughout the course of recent decades, it became absolutely clear to scientists that, far from being a part of the ‘God’s design’, the universe’s complexity (as well as the complexity of life-forms) came int o being without the involvement of any ‘third party’ – the blind laws of evolution predetermined such an eventual development. The validity of this statement can be well illustrated in regards to the main conventions of the theory of a ‘chemical morphogenesis’ by Alan Turing, which points out to the fact that the bulks of randomly dispersed physical matter are quite capable of adopting systemic subtleties on their own, which is the main precondition for the emergence of an organic life. As he pointed out, â€Å"(Chaotic substratum) although it may originally be quite homogeneous, may later develop a pattern or structure due to an instability of the homogeneous equilibrium, which is triggered off by random disturbances† (Turing 37). According to Turing, just as it is being the case with the grains of sand in the desert, which self-organize themselves into ripples, waves and dunes (despite the fact these grains have no knowledge of the shape the y become a part of), chemicals seeping across an embryo, cause its cells to self-organize into different organisms. In other words, Turing had dealt one of the 20th century’s most powerful blows to the Platonic assumption that there is a ‘higher power’ behind the process of non-organic and organic forms becoming increasingly complex, because his theory removes last remaining doubts, as to this process’s thoroughly spontaneous essence. The 20th century’s another major scientific finding, which exposes the sheer fallaciousness of Platonism, as a methodologically sound worldview, is the Heisenberg’s 1927 discovery of the ‘uncertainty principle’. According to this principle, it is impossible for us to be simultaneously aware of the elementary particle’s location and its speed. This is because the principle’s formula suggests that, once we are being aware of the independent variable of the particle’s location, the depended variable of its speed would be projected into infinity, and vice versa (Heelan 125).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Why I am not a Platonist specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More What it means is that the reason why we cannot possess a complete information about the concerned particle (its speed and location) is not because there is an insufficiency to the methodology of how we go about extracting the actual data, but because there is no such an information can be found in a priori. In its turn, this implies that the universe’s workings are unpredictable, because the universe itself is composed out of thoroughly unpredictable ‘bricks’ – atoms. Heisenberg’s principle implies that micro-changes in the physical matter lead to macro-consequences in this matter’s ‘behavior’ (the so-called ‘butterfly effect’). In its turn, this suggests that, contrary to the Platonism’s main theoretical provision, the universe is not fatal, because despite the seemingly ‘intelligible’ essence of the reality’s observable emanations, they never cease being fundamentally chaotic. This, of course, exposes the theoretical fallaciousness of the Platonic concept of an all-knowing and omnipresent deity. Consequently, it also suggests the erroneousness of Platonic metaphysics, concerned with the assumption that physical objects are only the ‘shadows’ of their true metaphysical ‘selves’. Apparently, the objective laws of the universe (supposedly designed by God), defy the very possibility that they have been ‘designed’, in the first place. Even the application of a commonsense logic points out to the apparent erroneousness of the Platonism’s main postulate that the divine represents a thoroughly valid and irreducible explanatory category. This is because, if we assume t hat God is indeed all-knowing/all-powerful, it means that he/she has all of its desires satisfied, which in turn means that there no reasons for God to manifest its presence. God’s non-presence, however, equals to its non-existence. Nevertheless, Platonism’s conceptual inconsistency may not only be revealed in light of the earlier mentioned discoveries in the field of cybernetics/physics, but also in light of what today’s neurologists know about the innermost reasons for the representatives of Homo Sapiens species to be endowed with a rationale-based consciousness. This is because Platonism promotes the idea that there is an irreconcilable dualism between one’s body and mind. As Broadie pointed out, â€Å"Plato argues that we consist of something incorporeal, whether one calls it ‘mind’ or ‘soul’, which for the time being is somehow united with a body that is part of the physical world†¦ and that one’s mind or soul w ill survive the demise of the body† (295). Moreover, according to Plato, people who seek enlightenment should be willing to allow their ‘souls’ to be in charge of the process, â€Å"He who attains to the beatific vision is always going upwards†¦ he cannot enter into the ideas of those who have never in their lives understood the relation of the shadow to the substance† (Plato VII).Advertising Looking for research paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nevertheless, the idea of a ‘mind-soul dualism’ can no longer be referred to as such that represents even a formally discursive value. This is because, as of today, it became thoroughly clear to neurologists that one’s conscious/unconscious psyche (soul) cannot exist outside of his or her body, by definition. After all, it has now been well proven that the workings of one’s psyche are defined by the essence of chemo-electric reactions inside of the concerned individual’s brain. For as long as there are no obstacles on the way of chemo-electric reactions’ normal flow, the functioning of one’s consciousness allows him or her to experience the three-dimensional sensation of ‘self’. However, even a slight mechanical damage to the cortex area of one’s brain can produce a dramatic impact on the sense of his or her self-identity (soul) – often without affecting the integrity of the concerned individual’s abil ity to address cognitive tasks. Moreover, the recent discoveries in the field of neurology suggest that one’s unconscious is in charge of defining the person’s rational choices – six seconds prior to when these choices are being actually made. The implications of this neurological finding are apparent. First, there can be no ‘mind-body dualism’, by definition, because the workings of a particular individual’s body directly define the qualitative essence of how he or she assesses the significance of the surrounding reality’s emanations. In other words, the way in which our ‘soul’ perceives the external reality, and the way in which it strives to attain self-actualization, cannot be discussed outside of how this reality affects the very functioning of our brains. Second, contrary to the Platonic assumption of the soul/psyche’s structural wholesomeness, the integrity of one’s conscious sense of self can be well undermined by surgical intrusions. This, of course, serves as yet another proof as to the fact that ‘soul’ should not be discussed in solely metaphysical terms, but rather in terms of a physiology. We think and act in full accordance with how our bodies want us to – not the other way around. Third, there can be no immortality to one’s ‘soul’. This is because, allegorically speaking, our conciseness (soul) is essentially a ‘symphony of interconnectedness’, played by the neurons in our brains. This is why while sleeping, we do not engage with our dream-visions rationally – in the state of dream, our brain’s different parts function independently of each other. Given the fact that neurons and the information, which they pass, is essentially material (chemo-electrical), it means that the brain’s physical destruction/death, will necessarily result in the destruction of consciousness/’soul’. In other w ords, contrary to what Platonists and Christians believe, there can be no ‘afterlife’. The third major objection to Platonism, on my part, relates to what I consider the fallaciousness of this philosophical school’s moralistic conventions, which stem out of the Platonic philosophers’ unawareness of what accounts for the actual purpose of just about every biological organism’s existence. After all, along with opposing body and soul against each other, Platonism also regards people’s endowment with animalistic instincts utterly counterproductive to their physical, emotional and intellectual well-being. According to Plato, â€Å"He who†¦ has become corrupted, does not easily rise out of this world to the sight of true beauty in the other†¦ and like a brutish beast he rushes on to enjoy and beget; he consorts with wantonness, and is not afraid or ashamed of pursuing pleasure in violation of nature† (62). Yet, it is specifically t he denial of atavistic instincts’ purposefulness, which constitutes an actual violation of nature. This is because, in the biological sense of this word, there is only one purpose to people’s existence – passing genes to the representatives of next generations, which in turn creates objective preconditions for Homo Sapiens species to remain on the path of a continual evolutionary advancement. As Dawkins had put it, â€Å"We are all survival machines for the same kind of replicator – molecules called DNA†¦ natural selection favors replicators that are good at building survival machines†¦ Genes have no foresight. They do not plan ahead. Genes just are† (24). Therefore, contrary to the conventions of Platonism, the measure of a particular individual’s existential virtuousness cannot be discussed in terms of a ‘thing in itself’. The fact that humans developed an ability to operate with abstract categories has nothing to do with their presumed ‘god-likeness’. Just as lions rely on the sharpness of their teeth and claws, while ensuring their localized dominance in the environmental niche of Africa’s savannahs, humans rely on the sheer sharpness of their intellectual powers, while ensuring their undisputed dominance in the ‘environmental niche’ of the whole planet Earth. What it means is that, quite contrary to what Platonism implies, people’s ability to cognitively engage with utterly abstract subject matters is not meant to ‘elevate’ them above this world, but to increase the extent of their evolutionary fitness, which in turn allows them to continue exercising a complete mastery over the world. Therefore, the earlier mentioned people’s ability, which Platonism refers to as ‘logos’, cannot be thought of as being irreconcilable with their instinctual taste for experiencing a wide array of sensual pleasures (‘wantonnessâ€⠄¢). Quite on the opposite – the more people are intellectually advanced, the more they are powerful, and – the more they are powerful, the higher are their changes to be in a position of experiencing sensual pleasures unopposed, as the actual purpose of their existence. Apparently, it never occurred to Platonists that, biologically speaking, humans are nothing but primates, whose foremost priorities in life are the same with what happened to be the existential priorities of plants and animals – ensuring access to the limited life-sustaining resources and imposing dominance upon less environmentally adapted competitors from the same environmental niche. Therefore, if one’s ability to philosophize undermines the extent of his or her biological survivability (as it is often the case with decadent White intellectuals, who cannot resist the process of their countries being colonized by the hordes of legal and illegal immigrants from the Third World), it canno t possibly be regarded beneficial to the concerned individual well-being. Thus, it is not only that Platonism is being fundamentally inconsistent with what empirical scientists know about the very essence of universe’s qualitative dynamics, but it also remains thoroughly arrogant of what account for the basic laws of biology, which apply to people, as much as they apply to plants and animals. This once again substantiates the legitimacy of my positioning as a committed anti-Platonist. Conclusion I believe that the provided earlier line of argumentation is being fully consistent with the paper’s initial thesis. In light of what has been said earlier, it appears to be only the matter of time, before Platonism will cease being considered a discursively valid school of Western philosophy. Works Cited Broadie, Sarah. â€Å"Soul and Body in Plato and Descartes.† Proceedings of the  Aristotelian Society, New Series 101 (2001): 295-308. Print. Dawkins, Richard. The Se lfish Gene. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1976. Print. Gerson, Lloyd. â€Å"What is Platonism?† Journal of the History of Philosophy 43.3 (2005): 253-276. Print. Heelan, Patrick. â€Å"Heisenberg and Radical Theoretic Change.† Zeitschrift fur  allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie / Journal for General Philosophy of Science 6.1 (1975): 113-136. Print. Patterson, Charles. Plato’s The Republic: Notes. Lincoln: Neb John Wiley Sons, Inc., 1963. Print. Plato. Phaedrus. Trans. Benjamin Jowett. Sparks, 2010. Web. Plato. The Republic. Trans. Benjamin Jowett. The Project Gutenberg EBook, 2012. Web. Von Hildebrand, Alice. â€Å"Platonism: An Atrium to Christianity.† Logos: A Journal of  Catholic Thought and Culture 10.2 (2007): 29-37. Print. This research paper on Why I am not a Platonist was written and submitted by user Vengeance to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.